THE SILLIMAN FOUNDATION

THE SILLIMAN FOUNDATION

IN the year 1883 a legacy of eighty thousand dollars was left to the President and Fellows of Yale College in the city of New Haven, to be held in trust, as a gift from her children, in memory of their beloved and honored mother, Mrs. Hepsa Ely Silliman.

On this foundation Yale College was requested and directed to establish an annual course of lectures designed to illustrate the presence and providence, the wisdom and goodness of God, as manifested in the natural and moral world. These were to be designated as the Mrs. Hepsa Ely Silliman Memorial Lectures. It was the belief of the testator that any orderly presentation of the facts of nature or history contributed to the end of this foundation more effectively than any attempt to emphasize the elements of doctrine or of creed; and he therefore provided that lectures on dogmatic or polemical theology should be excluded from the scope of this foundation, and that the subjects should be selected rather from the domains of natural science and history, giving special prominence to astronomy, chemistry, geology and anatomy.

It was further directed that each annual course should be made the basis of a volume to form part of a series constituting a memorial to Mrs. Silliman. The memorial fund came into the possession of the Corporation of Yale University in the year 1901; and the present volume constitutes the tenth of the series of memorial lectures.

CONTENTS

THE SILLIMAN FOUNDATION

PREFACE

CHAPTER I — ORIGIN OF MEDICINE

INTRODUCTION

ORIGIN OF MEDICINE

EGYPTIAN MEDICINE

ASSYRIAN AND BABYLONIAN MEDICINE

HEBREW MEDICINE

CHINESE AND JAPANESE MEDICINE

CHAPTER II — GREEK MEDICINE

ASKLEPIOS

HIPPOCRATES AND THE HIPPOCRATIC WRITINGS

ALEXANDRIAN SCHOOL

GALEN

CHAPTER III — MEDIAEVAL MEDICINE

SOUTH ITALIAN SCHOOL

BYZANTINE MEDICINE

ARABIAN MEDICINE

THE RISE OF THE UNIVERSITIES

MEDIAEVAL MEDICAL STUDIES

MEDIAEVAL PRACTICE

ASTROLOGY AND DIVINATION

CHAPTER IV — THE RENAISSANCE AND THE RISE OF ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY

PARACELSUS

VESALIUS

HARVEY

CHAPTER V — THE RISE AND DEVELOPMENT OF MODERN MEDICINE

INTERNAL SECRETIONS

CHEMISTRY

CHAPTER VI — THE RISE OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE

SANITATION

TUBERCULOSIS