Vol. 7 — October 2026
Cover of The Metaphysical Elements of Ethics

The Metaphysical Elements of Ethics

Immanuel Kant · English

The Metaphysical Elements of Ethics is the opening of Kant's Doctrine of Virtue, the second part of his Metaphysics of Morals (1797), in the English…

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Pagera Editor's Note

The Metaphysical Elements of Ethics is the opening of Kant's Doctrine of Virtue, the second part of his Metaphysics of Morals (1797), in the English translation of Thomas Kingsmill Abbott. This short text contains the preface and the long introduction rather than the full treatment of particular duties. Kant explains how ethics differs from law, introduces the idea of ends that are at the same time duties, namely one's own perfection and the happiness of others, and discusses duties of virtue, moral feeling, conscience, love of others, respect and self-command. It closes with a brief passage on conscience as an inner court.

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